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CIRCA - ~1219 🇩🇰 - a white Nordic cross, extending to the edges of a red field

HISTORY: Legend says the Dannebrog (“the cloth of the Danes”) originated during the Battle of Lyndanisse in 1219,* when it

fell from the sky, a 'divine gift' to inspire Danish victory, making it Europe's oldest national flag (in continuous use.)

The legend is unverified, of course, but the earliest confirmed use of the design appear in 14c seals &

it was formally adopted as the national symbol by the 17c.


[The state variation is swallow-tailed ꔪ and over the centuries has been augment with royal coat of arms or personal cyphers, often in a central white canton, but is currently plain]


VEXILLOLOGY:** As the flag was 'miraculously bestowed' rather than designed it has no official meanings, but traditionally;

  • The OFF-SET CROSS ╋━ is a Nordic symbol, dating to medieval banners, first prominent in Denmark and later used by other Nordic countries like Iceland🔍, as well as all major Scandinavian🔍 flags such as Sweden's🔍, Norway's🔍 & Finland's🔍 

    (Associated with the Christianization of the Norse in the Viking Age, it originally symbolizing faith & divine protection in battle, but is no longer intended to be exclusively religious)
  • WHITE traditionally represents  ☮︎ peace & purity and...

  • The RED of the Field is associated with bravery & strength, (+ sometimes bloodshed 🩸 & sacrifices for the realm)


* The Battle of Lindanise legend, (modern Tallinn, Estonia) is 1st recorded in the 16c and evidence suggests the flag was not unique to Denmark. Several small states used similar flags,
including Switzerland & Savoy

** The STUDY of FLAGS; their history, symbolism, usage, and design. From Latin vexillum - referring to a Roman military standard / flag (from velum= cloth/ covering/sail/curtain
[PIE🔍 root weg = to weave / to cover]) + Greek suffix -logia = study]
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